Pelvic Floor Muscle Dysfunction
For women, the pelvic floor muscles provide support to the organs of the pelvis including the uterus, bladder and rectum. In patients with pelvic floor muscle dysfunction, there is a weakness in the pelvic floor muscles and the body cannot properly control them, resulting in constipation and difficulty having complete bowel movements.
Causes of Pelvic Floor Muscle Dysfunction
Pelvic floor dysfunction is caused by a weakness of the muscles in the pelvis surrounding the anus and rectum. The cause of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction is not well understood, but in some cases, factors including pelvic injury and problems arising from previous vaginal deliveries may be responsible.
Symptoms of Pelvic Floor Muscle Dysfunction
The symptoms of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction may include:
- Constipation
- Frequent urge to urinate or move bowels
- Painful urination
- Persistent pain in the pelvis or lower back
- Discomfort during sexual activity
Diagnosis of Pelvic Floor Muscle Dysfunction
To diagnose pelvic floor muscle dysfunction, the doctor will take a medical history and perform a physical examination. Additional diagnostic testing can be helpful in confirming the diagnosis and may include:
- Uroflow test
- Evacuation proctogram
- Electrodiagnostic test
Treatment of Pelvic Floor Muscle Dysfunction
Since the pelvic floor muscles are voluntarily controlled to some extent, biofeedback training can be successful in retraining the muscles to function normally and improve the ability to have a bowel movement. In addition, pelvic floor muscle dysfunction can be effectively treated with a number of other conservative approaches. Successful treatments for managing this condition may include:
- Physical therapy
- Relaxation methods
- Muscle relaxants
In cases of pelvic muscle dysfunction that are caused by organ prolapse, surgery may be required to repair damage and ensure that the organs remain correctly positioned.